U.S. Department of Homeland Security
The
creation of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) is the
most significant transformation of the U.S. government since
1947, when Harry S. Truman merged the various branches of
the U.S. Armed
Forces into the Department of Defense to better coordinate
the nation's defense against military threats.
DHS represents a similar consolidation, both in style and substance.
In the aftermath of the terrorist attacks against America on September
11th, 2001, President George W. Bush decided 22 previously disparate
domestic agencies needed to be coordinated into one department
to protect the nation against threats to the homeland.
The new department's first priority is to protect the nation against
further terrorist attacks. Component agencies will analyze threats
and intelligence, guard our borders and airports, protect our critical
infrastructure, and coordinate the response of our nation for future
emergencies.
Besides providing a better-coordinated defense of the homeland,
DHS is also dedicated to protecting the rights of American citizens
and enhancing public services, such as natural disaster assistance
and citizenship services, by dedicating offices to these important
missions.
The Border and Transportation Security directorate will bring
the major border security and transportation operations under one
roof, including:
· The U.S. Customs Service (Treasury)
· The Immigration and Naturalization Service (part) (Justice)
· The Federal Protective Service (GSA)
· The Transportation Security Administration (Transportation)
· Federal Law Enforcement Training Center (Treasury)
· Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (part)(Agriculture)
· Office for Domestic Preparedness (Justice)
The Emergency Preparedness and Response directorate will oversee
domestic disaster preparedness training and coordinate government
disaster response. It will bring together:
· The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)
· Strategic National Stockpile and the National Disaster Medical
System (HHS)
· Nuclear Incident Response Team (Energy)
· Domestic Emergency Support Teams (Justice)
· National Domestic Preparedness Office (FBI)
The
Science and Technology directorate will seek to utilize all
scientific and technological advantages when securing
the homeland. The following assets will be part of this effort:
· CBRN Countermeasures Programs (Energy)
· Environmental Measurements Laboratory (Energy)
· National BW Defense Analysis Center (Defense)
· Plum Island Animal Disease Center (Agriculture)
The
Information Analysis and Infrastructure Protection directorate
will analyze intelligence and information from
other agencies (including the CIA, FBI, DIA and NSA) involving threats
to homeland security
and evaluate vulnerabilities in the nation's
infrastructure. It will bring together:
· Critical Infrastructure Assurance Office (Commerce)
· Federal Computer Incident Response Center (GSA)
· National Communications System (Defense)
· National Infrastructure Protection Center (FBI)
· Energy Security and Assurance Program (Energy)
The Secret Service and the Coast Guard will also be located
in the Department of Homeland Security, remaining
intact and reporting directly to the Secretary. In addition, the INS
adjudications and
benefits programs will report directly
to the Deputy Secretary as the Bureau of Citizenship
and Immigration Services.
The Office for Domestic Preparedness
The Office for Domestic Preparedness (ODP) is the principal component
of the Department of Homeland Security responsible for preparing
the United States for acts of terrorism. In carrying out its mission,
ODP is the primary office responsible to providing training, funds
for the purchase of equipment, support for the planning and execution
of exercises, technical assistance and other support to assist
states and local jurisdiction prevent, plan for, and respond to
acts of terrorism.
ODP achieves its mission by providing grants to states and local
jurisdictions, providing hands-on training through a number of
residential training facilities as well as in-service training
at the local level, funding and working with state and local
jurisdictions to plan and execute exercise, and providing technical
assistance on-site to state and local jurisdictions.
In the 1998 Appropriations Act (Public Law 105-119) and accompanying
report, the Congress expressed its concern regarding the real
and potentially catastrophic effects of a chemical or biological
act of terrorism. Congress stated that while the Federal Government
plays an important role in preventing and responding to these
types of threats, state and local public safety personnel are
typically first to respond to the scene when such incidents occur.
As a result, Congress authorized the Attorney General to assist
state and local public safety personnel in acquiring the specialized
training and equipment necessary to safely respond to and manage
terrorist incidents involving weapons of mass destruction (WMD).
On April 30, 1998, the Attorney General delegated authority to
the Office of Justice Programs (OJP) to develop and administer
training and equipment assistance programs for state and local
emergency response agencies to better prepare them against this
threat. To execute this mission, the Office of Justice Programs
established ODP to develop and administer a national Domestic
Preparedness Program.
Upon passage of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (Pub. L. 107-296),
the Office of Domestic Preparedness was transferred to the Department
of Homeland Security from the Department of Justice's Office
of Justice Programs.
The School of Criminal Justice, Michigan State University
“The
Nation’s Oldest Continuous Degree Granting Program
in Criminal Justice”, these proud words begin the story
about the School of Criminal Justice at Michigan State University.
Since
1935 MSU has been a leader in pioneering criminal justice
research, undergraduate and graduate education, and collaboration
with
criminal justice agencies, private businesses, and communities
through research
and an extensive Outreach program. One by-product of this
long and storied tradition is that the School enjoys an unparalleled
alumni network throughout the world.
The MSU School of Criminal Justice story focuses on the future.
Charging headlong into the 21st Century, the School is concentrating
on a myriad of national challenges, which include:
Crime
Response to Terrorism and Justice Evaluation Research, Security,
International Crime and Securit, Computer Security, Crime Analysis,
Strategic Problem Solving, DNATechnology, School
Safety, Domestic Violence, Community Policing, Identity Theft.
The School is also working with the Office for Domestic Preparedness
(ODP) on two programs relative to critical incident response.
The first is Developing Private/Public Sector Partnerships
in Response
to Critical Incidents, and the second is Weapons of Mass Destruction
Awareness for the Law Enforcement Executive.
Additionally, the challenges faced in an increasingly diverse
society are being addressed by MSU through research, teaching,
and outreach. The School is at the forefront of innovative delivery
of instruction through masters degree and certificate programs
offered over the Internet. Similarly, the School has revised its
Ph.D. program to better address doctoral scholarship in this new
century.
Michigan State University prides itself on combining knowledge
production with knowledge application. The School of Criminal Justice
exemplifies this approach by generating new ways of understanding
the world while at the same time working collaboratively to see
that this knowledge is used to solve problems, assist communities,
enhance and preserve the quality of life and ensure the equal administration
and application of justice on a local and global basis.
The
International Association of Chiefs of Police
The
IACP is the world’s oldest and largest nonprofit membership
organization of police executives, with almost 20,000 members
in more than 100 different countries and territories. IACP’s
membership consists of the operating chief executives of
international, Federal, state, and local law enforcement
agencies of all sizes.
Founded
in 1893, the association's goals are to advance the science
and art of police services; to develop and disseminate improved
administrative, technical and operational practices and promote
their use in police work; to foster police cooperation and
the exchange of information and experience among police administrators
throughout the world; to bring about recruitment and training
of qualified persons in the police profession; and to encourage
adherence of all police officers to high professional standards
of performance and conduct.
Throughout
the past 100-plus years, the International Association of Chiefs
of Police has been serving the needs of the law enforcement
community by launching historically acclaimed programs, conducting
groundbreaking research and providing exemplary programs and
services to its membership across the globe.
Professionally
recognized programs such as the FBI Identification Division
and the Uniform Crime Records system can trace their origins
back to the IACP. In fact, the IACP has been instrumental
in forwarding breakthrough technologies and philosophies
from the early years of its establishment to now, as we enter
the 21st century. From spearheading national use of fingerprint
identification to partnering in a consortium on community
policing to gathering top experts in criminal justice, the
government and education for summits on violence, homicide,
and youth violence, IACP has realized its responsibility
to positively affect the goals of law enforcement.
|